This study analyzes the role of animal husbandry in the rural economy, focusing specifically on the Kapkot Development Block of Bageshwar District. The objective is to evaluate the economic contribution and livelihood significance of animal husbandry. Data were collected through a primary survey of 80 selected households in Bageshwar District and subsequently analyzed to derive conclusions. The findings reveal that the income structure of the selected households is multi-sourced; while animal husbandry and agriculture are primary sources, other significant contributors include private and government employment, wage labor, handicrafts, and trade (shopkeeping). Income derived from animal husbandry activities is both direct and indirect: direct income comes from the sale of livestock, while indirect benefits arise from milk production and the imputed economic value of labor. It provides rural households with supplementary income, economic security, employment, and social empowerment. In summary, the data suggest that animal husbandry serves not as the primary source of income but as a self-reliant, supplementary economic activity that strengthens rural livelihoods.
South Bengkulu Regency has a commodity that
plays a role in economic development and provides multifunctional economic
value, one of which is hybrid corn. In 2022, the contribution of corn
production in South Bengkulu Regency reached 61,884 tons with a harvested area
of 9,444 hectares (Bengkulu Provincial Agriculture Office, 2023). Specifically,
in Seginim District and Kedurang Ilir District, which are the highest hybrid
corn-producing areas in South Bengkulu Regency. To stabilize hybrid corn
production in South Bengkulu Regency, it is necessary to develop sustainable
agriculture to ensure the existence and availability of hybrid corn stocks. The
sustainability analysis of corn farming in South Bengkulu Regency uses five
dimensions: social, environmental, economic, technology and infrastructure, and
institutions. This analysis is expected to evaluate the sustainability of
hybrid corn farming so that the issues hindering its sustainability in South
Bengkulu Regency can be addressed quickly and effectively. The objective of
this research is to determine the index and sustainability status of hybrid
corn farming in South Bengkulu Regency and to understand the interdependencies
between attributes in hybrid corn farming in the region. The methods used are
Multidimensional Scaling (MDS) and Prospective Analysis. The results indicate
that South Bengkulu Regency falls into the category of less sustainable, with
nine key attributes having a strong influence on the system.
Tomatoes are a strategic horticultural commodity whose price instability has a direct impact on farmers' incomes, consumer purchasing power, and regional inflation, especially in cities in eastern Indonesia that depend on supply from outside the region. This study aims to characterize the dynamics, volatility, and seasonal patterns of tomato prices in Kupang City, compare the accuracy of forecasting exponential smoothing models, moving averages, and linear trends, and compile price forecasts for 2024. The data used are monthly retail prices for the period January 2019 to December 2023 (n = 60) sourced from the Central Statistics Agency of East Nusa Tenggara Province. All accuracy measures were calculated strictly on the basis of one-step forward forecasting using mean absolute deviation, mean squared error, root mean squared error, and mean absolute percentage error. The results showed an overall coefficient of variation of 26.41 percent, with the highest price of IDR 24,792 per kilogram occurring in January 2023 and the lowest price of IDR 7,083 per kilogram in October 2019. The most dominant feature of this series is the very strong annual seasonal cycle, where the seasonal index moves from 68.9 in September to 128.2 in April with a range of fifty-nine index points. The Dickey-Fuller augmented test rejects the unit root hypothesis so that data differentiation is not necessary. The slope coefficient of the linear trend is positive but not statistically significant and only explains 0.56 percent of price diversity. Among the three methods defined, exponential smoothing with a smoothing constant of 0.95 is the most accurate model with a mean absolute percentage error of 16.79 percent, followed by a two-period moving average of 19.63 percent and a linear trend of 23.71 percent. The inclusion of seasonal indices into the exponential smoothing model substantially reduced the error to 12.12 percent. The recommended forecast for 2024 ranges from IDR 9,698 per kilogram in September to IDR 18,041 per kilogram in April. These findings show that seasonality, not trends, should be the basis for analysis and policy for tomato price management in Kupang City.
This study examined the role of forensic accounting techniques in fraud detection and prevention in Deposit Money Banks (DMBs) in Nigeria. A quantitative research design was adopted, and primary data were collected through structured questionnaires administered to 120 respondents drawn from accounting, auditing, finance, and internal control units of selected banks. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and regression analysis to test the formulated hypotheses. The regression results revealed that forensic accounting techniques have a significant positive effect on fraud detection and prevention in Deposit Money Banks in Nigeria. Specifically, forensic accounting techniques significantly influenced fraud detection (β = 0.72, p = 0.000) and fraud prevention (p = 0.001). The model further showed a strong explanatory power with an R² value of 0.66, indicating that 66% of the variation in fraud detection and prevention was explained by forensic accounting techniques. Additional findings indicated significant relationships between forensic accounting techniques and internal control systems as well as overall fraud management (p < 0.05). The study revealed that forensic accounting techniques enhance transparency, accountability, and fraud control in Deposit Money Banks in Nigeria.
This study explores the operational mechanisms of brand communication and relationship management within Vietnam's small and medium-sized restaurant sector. Focusing on "A Seafood Restaurant" in Lao Cai Province, Vietnam, as a single case study, the research collected qualitative data through semi-structured interviews based on the "5E stakeholder framework" (owner, managers, head chef, experts, and customers). The researchers conducted thematic analysis and a triangulation test. The findings reveal a dynamic, three-stage cyclical process: in the "information exposure and initial awareness" stage, customers primarily establish initial trust and purchase motivation through word-of-mouth recommendations and social media, although current social media management tends to rely on passive exposure; in the "consumption process and trust accumulation" stage, on-site "customer interaction" (such as guidance during ordering and attentive service) and "relationship management" (such as promptly addressing negative feedback and improving processes) are critical to solidifying brand loyalty; finally, in the "relationship deepening and cyclical diffusion" stage, a positive physical dining experience translates into positive electronic word-of-mouth (eWOM), driving secondary dissemination. The study's conclusions align with the "communication-based relationship model," confirming that managing small and medium-sized restaurant brands involves more than one-way promotion; rather, it relies on the interplay between interactions at physical touchpoints and relationship repair mechanisms. Based on these findings, the study offers practical recommendations for local restaurant operators regarding brand communication and customer retention.