The present study was conducted to examine the gender differences in self-compassion, stress and job satisfaction among school teachers. The sample of 370 school teachers were (male= 156, female= 214) were collected from different government (n=127) and private (n=243) schools of Lahore. The instruments used for data collection were demographic questionnaire, self-compassion scale (α= .78), teacher stress scale (α= .82) and job satisfaction scale (α= .67). Inferential statistics used for the data analysis include descriptive statistics and independent sample t-test. The result revealed that there was significant difference between men and women with respect to self-compassion (t = -2.99, p < .01) and job satisfaction (t = -4.03, p <.01). However, no significant gender difference was found on the scores of stress.

Mel Gibson's movie APOCALYPTO calls into question the 'noble savage' by depicting indigenous Mayans engaging in human sacrifice, and also questions the deeper belief among 'post-Christian' Europeans in a 'universal natural ethic' that is superior to Christianity and that otherwise all people everywhere observe.

Nigeria is richly blessed with natural and human resources but the country is ranked among the low income countries and low standard of living. Despite the huge revenue from oil economy, majority of the population is in dire poverty. The multidimensional poverty report published in 2022 by the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS) indicated that Nigeria has a poverty index of 0.257, with 133 million people living in multidimensional poverty (NBS 2022). Nigeria attained independence in 1960. Since then, her political history has been underscored by loss of self-sufficiency in food production, economic decline, and mass poverty. Much of the extant literatures blame the countries woes as being originated from the colonial period. This paper contends that the origins of these issues are rooted in the political realm. The economic obstacles confronting the nation are a direct result of how political authority is wielded and monopolized by a small, privileged group who has structured society to their advantage, often at the expense of the broader population. The nation is under the control of individuals who lack moral integrity. Plato equates virtue with excellence, either as an inherent quality or one that can be cultivated through education. A truly virtuous person is guided by reason. The primary aim of this paper is to emphasize that without Nigeria being structured in a manner that fosters the dominance of reason, particularly among the political elite, progress will remain elusive. Plato's theory of the Political Community can offer valuable guidance in this regard.

The core of Christian theology can be expressed as a tension between two theological intuitions: God's supremacy, and his (contrary, but appropriate) love for his 'image' in Christ, and beyond him, in those humans who 'convert' and model themselves upon him. God is clearly supreme, but there is a 'love' within God that is not apparent at the outset, which means that, rather than being 'upright' and dominant, he is 'concave' and pregnant with an offspring that he loves from all eternity, the adequate expression or 'image' of himself that he loves supremely because he loves himself supremely, and who is the agency of, first, the creation of creatures sufficiently gifted with intellect and freedom to receive the imprint and respond to the offer of relationship with their ultimate source, and, secondly, to expend himself in an eventual but necessary (or eventually necessary) act of self-sacrifice and rescue that produces an even more spectacular, unexpected - almost contrary-to-his nature - expression and demonstration of the goodness out of which he creates the world in the first place. The intensity of the goodness that is God and out of which he operates could not have been adequately guessed or accurately estimated apart from these demonstrations of it in creation and redemption. With these consequences of it and evidence for it lying now all about us, we are without excuse. The 'ball is now in our court', so to speak.

This article explores the challenges facing public libraries in Nigeria and proposes strategies to refocus the public library movement in the nation. Public libraries are crucial for promoting literacy, addressing information poverty and inequality, supporting economic development, and fostering social cohesion. However, inadequate funding, issues of ethnicity and religion, location disparities, poor conditions of service, and government attitudes towards libraries pose significant challenges. To refocus the public library crusade, strategies such as making libraries public gathering places, enhancing government-library relationships, showcasing history and information, training librarians, reviewing remuneration, fostering communication, providing a wide range of community services, advocating for public participation, ensuring accessibility, and improving library infrastructure and management were recommended.

Any country's socioeconomic life is significantly impacted by Technical, Vocational Education and Training (TVET). Changes in industrial needs have been sparked by the rise of digitalization and technical advancements, such as automation, robotics, and artificial intelligence (AI), which have defined the nature of labour markets and impacted socioeconomic life. This is a significant problem. Hence, TVET should be considered to meet the rapid global socio-economic change, need and requirements. Nigeria prioritizes TVET through well-structured and defined objectives as enshrined in the 2013 revised edition of National Policy on Education. Despite these lofty objectives and prospects of TVET in Nigeria, it is worrisome that it does not have recognition when compare to general education. Literature has unveiled various problems bedeviling TVET, including underfunding, poor curriculum design and implementation, shortage of manpower, poor teaching pedagogies and weak public-private partnerships. Counseling is considered a veritable tool as it can unlock, enable, direct and redirect inherent potentials, strengths and skills of individuals while considering the choice of technical and vocational skills among students and youths. These will make graduates of schools and youths employable and make them relevant to meet contemporary industry needs and changes. Thus, the current study will critically examine the status of TVET and the place of counseling in achieving TVET objectives in Nigeria. Also, the role of TVET counselling in helping to ensure that the skills and knowledge acquired through TVET are applicable and desired by employers in the changing world of work.

Inclusive education, especially inclusive special education, exists to bridge the educational inequity gaps that exist between persons without disability and those with disabilities of various kinds and to promote respect for the educational rights of persons with disabilities. One of the most reliable means by which inclusive education achieves this is through Inclusive Education Resource Centers (IERCs). Without these IERCs, implementation of inclusive education cannot be effective. The purpose of this study was to examine activities carried out by IERCs in Bamenda, and how these activities influence the implementation of inclusive education. A cross sectional survey including 236 respondents purposely selected from three inclusive schools and three IERCs was used. Questionnaires and interviews were used as data collection instruments. A total of 219 IERC beneficiaries (learners with disabilities and their teachers) responded to the Questionnaires while 7 resource persons (IERC coordinators, sign language teachers, brailists and special education teachers) participated in the Key Informant Interviews. Purposive sampling was equally used to select the inclusive schools and the IERCs. The data collected was analysed using the descriptive analytic technique for the quantitative data and the thematic analytic technique for the qualitative data. Meanwhile, the linear regression analysis was used to test hypotheses against the 0.05% level of significance. From the findings, 78.1% of respondents agreed that IERCs in Bamenda carry out many significant activities that effectively promote inclusive education and that define access to these IERCs. Also only 53.3% of the respondents agreed that IERC resources were sufficient while just 30% of the respondents agreed that the available resources in IERCs had the quality required for effective inclusive education implementation. Activities of IERCs that were identified as promoting the success of inclusive education implementation included: guidance and counselling services; provision of material, technical and human resources to support teaching and learning; capacity building in sign language skills, brailing skills and other inclusive-relevant skills; collaborative teaching between regular teachers and special needs specialists; awareness raising in inclusive education and rights of persons with disabilities, and referrals. In testing the hypotheses, the regression analysis revealed that the activities of IERCs played significant roles in implementing inclusive education. It was thus recommended that more IERCs should be established, should be financially supported, and that these IERCs should be made an integral part of every inclusive school.

Rapid advances in technology and the creation of some tools that make our lives easier increase our curiosity about artificial intelligence, which we hear news about every day. Artificial intelligence appears in every field and in every sense. One of these areas is the field of education. Especially the rapid changes experienced recently have led to the evolution of educational practices towards artificial intelligence. However, it is debatable how efficient artificial intelligence is in education. At this point, the research aimed to examine teachers’ opinions about the inclusion of artificial intelligence in educational activities. In the research, phenomenological case design, one of the qualitative research methods, was used. In the research, 21 classroom teachers from 21 different schools working in Yakutiye, Palandöken and Aziziye, central districts of Erzurum province, were studied. The sociodemographic data collection tool and semi-structured interview form developed by the researchers were used as data collection tools in the study. As a result of the research, it was determined that teachers who implemented face-to-face education found the use of artificial intelligence in education robotic. It has been determined that the use of artificial intelligence in educational activities can provide students with a different view, but problems may arise in students’ development areas. At the same time, it was concluded that teachers have a lack of knowledge about what artificial intelligence application is. Based on the results obtained from the research, it may be recommended to inform, teachers about artificial intelligence and to focus on hybrid education in education.

The study aims to overview the Implementation of fiscal federalism in Nepal. Since fiscal federalism is new in Nepal, this study focuses on analyzing Nepal’s fiscal federalism model and intergovernmental fiscal transfers. The study explores the challenges and solutions for Nepal's successful adoption of fiscal federalism, focusing on optimizing sustainable development, and governance, and facilitating accurate policy decisions. It explores the model's features, including division of fiscal responsibilities, intergovernmental fiscal transfers, and potential challenges such as capacity constraints, coordination issues, revenue mobilization difficulties, and intergovernmental conflicts. The study proposes solutions to address these challenges, such as strengthening institutional capacity, improving intergovernmental coordination, and promoting transparency and accountability in fiscal management and national government expenditures. It also evaluates the model's impact on poverty reduction, infrastructure development, social service delivery, and environmental sustainability, and explores opportunities to align fiscal decentralization with broader development goals. The study also evaluates the availability, quality, and accessibility of fiscal and economic data in Nepal, and explores opportunities to strengthen the evidence-based policy-making process. By closely examining the connections between grant categories and spending by the central government, this study illuminates the complex relationship that influences Nepal's fiscal policy.

The objective of this study is to determine the influence of the principal's servant leadership on teacher performance at SMP Negeri 4 Laguboti. The research employs a quantitative inferential statistical method. The population consists of 32 teachers at SMP Negeri 4 Laguboti, with a sample size of 30 teachers selected from SMP Negeri 3 Lintongnihuta for the pilot test. Data were collected using a closed-ended questionnaire comprising 60 items. The data analysis results indicate a significant impact of the principal's servant leadership on teacher performance at SMP Negeri 4 Laguboti. The analysis of the relationship between variables X and Y yielded an rxy value of 0.527, which is greater than the critical value of rtabel(α=0.05,n=32) = 0.349, and a t-value of 3.394, exceeding the critical t-value of 1.684, indicating a positive and significant relationship between the variables. The simple linear regression equation obtained is ŷ = 33.949 + 0.735X. Hypothesis testing showed that Fhitung = 11.518, which is greater than Ftabel = 4.08, leading to the rejection of the null hypothesis (Ho) and acceptance of the alternative hypothesis (Ha). The study concludes that there is a positive and significant effect of the principal's servant leadership on teacher performance at SMP Negeri 4 Laguboti, with the coefficient of determination (r²) = 27.7%.

Agriculture plays a vital role in the Indian economy by providing employment and supporting livelihoods, especially in rural areas. However, the sector is highly vulnerable to risks such as droughts, floods, crop failures, and price fluctuations. To reduce these risks and stabilize farmers’ income, the Government of India introduced the Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana in 2016. The present study aims to examine the level of awareness among farmers regarding this scheme in the Rayalaseema region of Andhra Pradesh.

The study is based on primary data collected from 800 farmers across four districts using a structured interview schedule. The findings reveal that most farmers are aware of general aspects of the scheme, such as notified crops and premium payments. However, awareness is relatively low regarding technical aspects like implementing agencies and risk coverage related to prevented sowing. The study also shows that a majority of farmers have a moderate level of satisfaction with the scheme.

The study concludes that although awareness of PMFBY is reasonably good, there is a need to improve farmers’ understanding of its detailed provisions through effective awareness programs and institutional support. Strengthening information dissemination can enhance the effectiveness of the scheme and ensure better risk protection for farmers.