Our focus is on the double crisis confronting contemporary societies: The first crisis asks us: “How can we hope to live a truly meaningful life before our deaths? Is it possible for us to experience a life full of understanding, joy and personal fulfillment?” The second crisis asks us: “How can the human race possibly survive? Are we all doomed to an actual death delivered by threatening yet unsolved problems?” Solving the first one yields the basis for solving the second one. It is the further development of the individual that is the basis for the continued evolution of society. This paper has an introduction followed by three sections. The first, Our Double Crisis, describes the nature of our two fundamental problems, derived from our bureaucratic way of life.This is followed by Learning to Play the Game of Life, focused on the first crisis. It emphasizes the East-West strategy, an approach anyone and everyone can learn to use, but requiring considerable time and effort to learn. It yields continuing personal development or evolution, building on the Buddha’s problem-solving procedures coupled with an interdisciplinary science of human behavior. We conclude with a section centered on the second crisis called Constructing the Future. It is based on studies of the most successful social movements that have occurred throughout Western history. Our overall approach emphasizes an interdisciplinary science of human behavior, with its initial presentation in Creating Life Before Death: Before Disaster Strikes the Ship of State, 2nd edition. We focus on an extremely general or paradigmatic approach to understanding the way of life of contemporary societies, and pointing toward solving personal and world problems.

It is critical to strictly implement environmental laws in order to solve the many environmental problems that Bangladesh is facing. The intricacies of environmental regulation are explored in this study, which also assesses how well it handles environmental issues at home. In order to achieve effective environmental governance, this study draws attention to the spaces and weaknesses inside the current constitutional structure and how that is put into practice. Also included are the environmental problems in Bangladesh, such as pollution and the loss of natural resources, as well as an evaluation of how well the country's current legal frameworks address these issues. The academic study goes on to ask how well-informed different groups are on environmental issues: governments, businesses, civil society, and the people at large. Efforts to preserve and safeguard the environment are also assessed in relation to this awareness. Drawing on empirical research and case studies, this paper proposes ways to strengthen environmental laws, enhance enforcement mechanisms, and cultivate a broader environmental awareness in society. Adopting a comprehensive approach to environmental law is vital for achieving sustainable environmental management and preserving Bangladesh’s biological heritage. Along with this, we must raise awareness within the sector and inspire active participation.

Disruptive behaviors in the classroom are a daily problem educators must grapple with. Teachers need effective strategies to mitigate these disruptions. High on the list of troublesome disturbances in the classroom are consequences of disruptive talking. The aim of this study is to review the literature in this realm and to inform readers as to effective methods for decreasing disruptive talking in the classroom.

As more and more students with autism or pervasive developmental delay are integrated and mainstreamed into the general education curriculum, teachers are faced with the issue of individualizing for this population. The realm of reading is particularly challenging and in particular, reading comprehension. This paper reviews some of the past endeavors in this realm, that is enhancing reading comprehension within a certain population and the issues involved in the assessment of reading comprehension.

This paper takes a close look at how education and unemployment are connected in today's world, which is always changing. With new technology and economic systems, the job market has changed a lot, making it hard for people and the people who make decisions for them to figure out how to navigate it. Education is often thought of as the key to getting a job, but it's not as simple as that. This study aims to understand all the different ways education and unemployment are linked, like how much education helps you get a job, why some people have the right skills for jobs but can't find them, and how new technology can mess things up. It brings together research from lots of different sources, like studies, theories, and statistics, to help us understand the complicated relationship between these two things. In the end, the research shows that there's no one-size-fits-all answer to the education and unemployment problem. Instead, it gives policymakers and educators ideas on how to change things to help more people find jobs. It also suggests areas for future research that could lead to even more understanding about how education and unemployment work together in the real world.

This case study investigates the Ankhukhola Hydropower Project's socio-economic impact on the Tripurasundari Rural Municipality residents in Dhading, Nepal. Utilizing a descriptive research design, the study aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the multifaceted effects of the hydropower project on the local community. The primary objective is to analyze the socio-economic status and impacts on living conditions. The methodology includes primary data collection through interviews, questionnaires, and data analysis using Excel, ensuring a systematic approach to examining the project's social and economic consequences. The research highlights significant improvements in service delivery, revenue production, tourism, infrastructure development, and technology use post-electrification. Overall, the findings indicate that the Ankhukhola Hydropower Project has substantially benefited residents' economic and social lives in the catchment area.

The aim of this study was to examine the roles of the School Based Assessments in selected secondary schools in Lusaka district. The study was guided by the three research objectives which were to determine the role of school assessments on learner performance in secondary schools, to establish the effects of school assessments on learner performance and to determine the factors to be considered in the conducting of school local assessments effectively in secondary schools. The study employed the quantitative research approach. Thus data was gathered using questionnaires. The sample size for the study was 309 respondents. Quantitative data was analysed using SPSS version 20 to generate descriptive statistics in the form frequency tables and percentage distributions in order to give clear presentation and interpretation of the research results. The study showed that School Based Assessments helps in skills and concept retention, prepare learners for exams, help identify learners’ weaknesses, teachers evaluate learner’ understanding, wide coverage of reading, expose learners to variety of questions, ensure qualitative scores and help diagnose learners weaknesses. The SBAs have positive effects on the academic performance of learners. Thus they enable learners work extra hard and improve learners’ academic performance with a high retention of skills and concepts. Thus when assessing the learners the following should be considered: age of learners, grade of learners, abilities of learners, level of understanding, strength /weaknesses of learners, school resources, readiness of learners, time, work covered and environment/classroom.

This paper explores the crucial role that language education plays in Nigeria in the twenty-first century, focusing on the effects that language instruction has on national cohesiveness, economic growth, and cultural diplomacy. Nigeria presents particular possibilities and challenges in language teaching because it is one of the most linguistically varied countries in Africa. The study promotes the preservation and advancement of indigenous languages while highlighting the importance of the English language as the official language and its dominance in a number of ways. It emphasizes the advantages of language learning, such as better cognitive capacities, increased communication, cultural preservation and economic integration. An analysis of Nigeria's language educational system reveals problems like low funding, lack of qualified teachers and lack of adequate resources. The study suggests strategic investments in policy development, funding, teacher training, and community engagement to enhance language education. By fostering a multilingual society, Nigeria can leverage its linguistic diversity to achieve sustainable development and global competitiveness.

The discourse construction and international communication of whole-process people’s democracy are crucial to presenting a true, multi-dimensional and panoramic image of China to the international community. This study, by making a tentative revision on the framework of construal operations proposed by Hart (2014a, 2014b), delves into the major discursive strategies and their construal mechanisms as well as the national image in Chinese democratic discourse based on instances extracted from China: Democracy That Works. The findings are as follows. 1) The four discursive strategies consist of structural configuration, framing, identification and positioning strategies. 2) These strategies can be respectively accounted for via schematization, metaphorical frame, metonymy, viewing frame and proximization. The revised Hart’s framework of construal operations is expected to provide a systematic and coherent analytical framework for analyzing discursive strategies in Chinese democratic discourse and serve as a beneficial supplement to the cognitive linguistics approach to Chinese democratic discourse. It is also hoped to shed light on telling Chinese democratic stories better.

In both world and domestic science, special attention is paid to the study of the historical and cultural heritage of certain ethnic groups or tribal structures. Conducting research of various types allows scientists to either discover new things about a particular ethnic group, or confirm or refute existing points of view. No less interesting conclusions can be drawn from the results of studying the current state of the cultural and linguistic identity of the Gainin Bashkirs - representatives of the most ancient Bashkir tribe Gaina (gaina), the historical homeland for many of whom is the territory of the modern Bardymsky district of the Perm Territory. Objective. The article is devoted to the analysis of the peculiarities of the folklore of the Gaina Bashkirs of the Bardymsky District of the Perm Territory on the basis of the field materials of the expedition organised in the summer of 2023. The folklore of the Gaina Bashkirs also reveals specific features, both in terms of individual rites («Plaushinya kishch» based on maiden fortune-telling and the custom of serving dumplings made of curd on the basis of colostrum in honour of cow calving) and some elements of traditional Bashkir customs and holidays. At present, rural cultural centres in the district, together with the local administration, are actively working to revive, among the Gaina Bashkirs, the Bashkir national holidays and customs that have faded away to some extent, and to restore lost examples of folk folklore.