Background: Treatment adherence remains one of the most critical determinants of tuberculosis (TB) control, influencing treatment success, prevention of drug-resistant TB, and reduction of transmission. Understanding the global research landscape, thematic trends, and emerging priorities in TB treatment adherence requires a structured examination of existing scientific output. This study uses bibliometric analysis to map the intellectual structure, research evolution, and collaboration patterns in this field. Methods: Articles related to TB treatment adherence were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection using predefined search terms. Eligible records (2000–2024) were exported in plain text format. Statistical, network, and visualization analyses—including publication trends, citation performance, co-authorship, country and institutional collaboration, keyword co-occurrence, co-citation, thematic evolution, and citation burst detection—were conducted using Microsoft Excel and RStudio (bibliometrix package). Results: A total of 225 articles were included, averaging 42.18 citations per article and 305.65 citations per year. The United States led in publication output and international collaboration, followed by the United Kingdom, India, and South Africa. Keyword co-occurrence and burst analysis identified “digital adherence technologies,” “catastrophic costs,” “mental health and stigma,” and “treatment supporter engagement” as emerging research frontiers. Conclusion: Research on TB treatment adherence has shifted from traditional behavioral and DOTS-centered approaches toward integrated frameworks that incorporate digital health, psychosocial support, financial protection, and community engagement. Although developed countries dominate research output, contributions from high-burden regions are growing. Future research should prioritize innovation, context-specific solutions, and equity-focused strategies to strengthen global TB treatment adherence

This study examines the comparative analysis of Avian Pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) isolates through various bioinformatics tools, including phylogenetic analysis, 3D structure prediction, ADMET evaluation, molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation. APEC strains significantly impact poultry health, leading to colibacillosis and subsequent economic losses in the poultry industry. The study underscores the importance of in silico methodologies in vaccine development, aiding in identifying antigens and optimizing vaccine design. We isolated E. coli strains from table and hatchable eggs using Tryptic Soy Agar, MacConkey Agar and Eosin Methylene Blue Agar media. The genomic analysis revealed approximately 4,288 protein-coding genes, highlighting the organism's complex structure and diverse antigenic types contributing to its virulence. The classification of E. coli based on serogroups and phylogroups enables a deeper understanding of its pathogenicity. By employing advanced bioinformatics techniques, we aim to elucidate the virulence factors associated with APEC strains and leverage this knowledge to enhance disease prevention strategies in poultry. This comprehensive analysis could pave the way for more effective vaccine formulations and improved management practices to mitigate the impact of APEC-related diseases in avian populations.

Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a gastrointestinal emergency that can lead to high mortality, particularly in elderly patients [1,2,3]. Chronological age is traditionally considered a factor in severity [4], but its exact role remains controversial and may be explained by the high frequency of comorbidities in older age [1,5]. The aim of our study is to analyse the impact of age on mortality in AP, based on recent studies published between 2015 and 2025. To this end, we conducted a systematic descriptive review of studies published between 2015 and 2025, including prospective and retrospective cohorts and meta-analyses. The inclusion criteria were adult patients with PA with data on age and mortality. We noted that the authors agree that hospital mortality increases with age: 3–5% for <60 years, 10–15% for 60–70 years, and 20–30% for >70 years [1,2,3]. Severe and necrotising forms are more common in elderly patients [2,3,6]. Cardiovascular, renal and respiratory comorbidities increase the risk. Prognostic scores (Ranson, BISAP, APACHE II) include age [4,7], but the addition of frailty indices improves prediction [1,8]. Advanced age, particularly over 70 years, is therefore an independent factor for mortality in several studies, but it is often confused with frailty and comorbidities. Increased monitoring and adaptation of therapeutic measures are essential in elderly patients. Limitations include methodological heterogeneity and the lack of standardised tools for measuring frailty [1,2,3,8].

Purpose: Hypertension is a major modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. While pharmacological management is standard, dietary modification, specifically reducing sodium and increasing potassium/magnesium intake, is a critical, sustainable component of long-term control. This case report aims to document the short-term reduction and long-term management of severe hypertension in a patient using an alkaline salt substitute (low sodium, high potassium, high magnesium) as a non-pharmacological intervention. Case Description: A 62-year-old female with a 3-year history of hypertension presented with headache and dizziness. Her vital signs revealed severe hypertensive urgency (BP 230/110 mmHg) without evidence of acute end-organ damage (normal EKG, clear chest X-ray, no focal neurological deficits). Initial blood pressure reduction was achieved using sublingual nifedipine 10mg, which reduced the mean arterial pressure (MAP) by approximately 25% within 24 hours (180/90 mm Hg after 24 hours). The long-term management strategy was then transitioned to sustained dietary modification. Intervention/Outcome: Following initial stabilization, the patient was transitioned to a regimen incorporating a low-sodium, high-potassium, high-magnesium alkaline salt substitute. The goal of this non-pharmacological intervention was to achieve sustained blood pressure control and prevent recurrence of hypertensive urgency. Conclusion: This case report highlights that factors such as medication non-adherence (irregular or missed doses), even in a patient with previously controlled blood pressure, can precipitate a hypertensive urgency. While initial management necessitates prompt pharmacological stabilization (as evidenced by the need for sublingual nifedipine), the long-term sustainability of blood pressure control is significantly enhanced by non-pharmacological interventions. Specifically, the introduction of a low-sodium, high-potassium, high-magnesium alkaline salt substitute proved to be a feasible, effective, and sustainable dietary strategy for maintaining long-term blood pressure control and preventing recurrent acute hypertensive episodes.

The edible mushroom Schizophyllum commune is traditionally consumed in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, but its nutritional properties remain poorly documented. This study evaluated the nutritional composition, mineral profile, and antioxidant potential of S. commune samples from the cities of Kikwit and Mbandaka. Proximate (AOAC methods), mineral (by ICP-OES), and phytochemical analyses were performed on lyophilized samples, with statistical analyses including ANOVA and Student's t-test (p < 0.05). The results showed that protein (28.28–35.2 g/100 g DM), carbohydrate (29.98–30.56 g), and fiber (20.5–23.9 g) contents differed significantly between the two sites. Potassium (1195–1420 mg/100 g) and phosphorus (560.9–605.9 mg) dominated the mineral profile, while polyphenols (69.2–73.2 mg GAE/g) and tannins (66.1–76 mg CE/g) were the main antioxidant compounds. In conclusion, S. commune exhibits a balanced nutritional profile and notable levels of bioactive compounds, supporting its promising use as a functional food.