The undertaken study describes to Green-synthesis of iron Nano particles by Ferrous Sulfate Hepta-hydrate (FeSO4.7H20) and utilizing the bio components of root extract of Ipomea. Root extract performed as equally reducing and stabilizing agent. The advancement of green processes for the synthesis of NP is unfolding into decisive derivative of nanotechnology. It has various returns such as, ease with which the method can be maximize, effortless and cost effective etc. To identify the compounds dependable for reduction of Iron ions, the functional groups there in Root extract were scrutinized by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The Fe Nano-crystallites of middling size particle have been synthesized by rapid, simple and eco-friendly approach. Iron Nano particles were characterized using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and EDX. The particles obtained in an agglomerated form. The Antibacterial activity showed no significant effect of the FeNP’s.

Nigeria’s tourism sector holds immense potential for economic growth, job creation, and community empowerment. With its rich cultural heritage, diverse landscapes, and vibrant communities, Nigeria can leverage tourism entrepreneurship to drive sustainable development. However, despite this potential, significant challenges persist. Gaps in infrastructure, financing, regulatory frameworks, and security concerns create an uncertain start for aspiring entrepreneurs. This study investigates the key obstacles and opportunities for tourism entrepreneurship in Nigeria, analyzing real-world success stories, emerging trends, and best practices to uncover actionable insights. Using a comprehensive literature review and case study analysis, the study identifies major impediments such as inadequate access to finance, skill gaps, complex regulations, and cultural barriers. However, findings reveal that successful tourism entrepreneurs have navigated these challenges through innovation, strategic partnerships, and government support. The integration of technology, digital platforms, and ecotourism has emerged as a crucial factor in overcoming these barriers. To unlock tourism entrepreneurship’s full potential, a collaborative effort among policymakers, private-sector actors, educational institutions, and international organizations is essential. By investing in infrastructure, regulatory reforms, and sustainable practices, Nigeria can transform its tourism sector into a thriving economic driver. A strategic focus on innovation and entrepreneurship will enable Nigeria to harness its tourism potential, create jobs, and achieve long-term economic and social impact.

Background: Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is a common neurological disorder, particularly in individuals with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Laser therapy combined with strengthening exercises has been proposed as an effective treatment strategy to alleviate symptoms and improve function in CTS patients with RA. The aim of study was to evaluate the efficacy of laser therapy combined with strengthening exercises in comparison to strengthening exercises alone in reducing pain, improving functional status, alleviating symptoms, improving grip strength and enhancing nerve conduction parameters in CTS patients with RA. Methods: A total of 37 participants were enrolled in study and 30 subjects were successfully completed, subjects were randomly assigned to the experimental group (EG; n=15) receiving laser therapy with strengthening exercises, or the control group (CG; n=15) receiving strengthening exercises alone. Outcome measures included pain intensity (NPRS), symptom severity (BCTQ-SSS), functional status (BCTQ-FSS), disease activity (DAS28), grip strength (Jamar dynamometer), and nerve conduction parameters (SCV, MCV, DML). Assessments were performed at baseline, 2 weeks, and 6 weeks. Results: Within-group analysis showed significant improvements in pain intensity (EG: 64.94%, CG: 27.58%), symptom severity (EG: 45.36%, CG: 14.16%), functional status (EG: 43.66%, CG: 12.57%), and disease activity (EG: 27.09%, CG: 8.46%) in both groups. However, between-group analysis demonstrated statistically significant improvements favoring the experimental group in pain intensity (p=0.026), symptom severity (p=0.001), functional status (p=0.018), disease activity (p=0.017), and sensory conduction velocity (p=0.048) at 6 weeks. No significant between-group differences were found in grip strength (p=0.179), motor conduction velocity (p=0.064) and distal motor latency (p=0.103). Conclusion: The findings suggest that laser therapy combined with strengthening exercises is more effective than strengthening exercises alone in reducing pain, improving functional status, reducing disease activity and enhancing sensory nerve conduction in CTS patients with RA. This highlights the potential of laser therapy as an adjunctive treatment in managing CTS symptoms in RA patients.

India was famous for crafts and textiles in great demand in overseas markets; Delhi, Agra and Lahore were key trade and cultural hubs. The Company monopolized the sale of raw cotton and forced the Bengal weaver to pay through nose for that. So, the weaver lost in both ways, as a buyer and as a seller. On the contrary, Indian textiles had to bear heavy duties for feeding England. India had shrunk from the world’s preeminent manufacturing country to an emblem of famine and want. Objective: Examining India's economic situation during the British East India Company's administration is the study's goal. Methodology: All of the data used in this research was obtained from secondary sources. Results and Discussion: The expansion of the company's dominion was primarily manifested through two significant modalities. The initial modality entailed the unequivocal incorporation of Indian principalities, succeeded by the establishment of direct administrative control over the corresponding regions, which collectively amalgamated to constitute British India. This historical time saw significant economic changes, particularly during the British East India Company's dominance in India from the middle of the 18th century until the middle of the 19th century. During this time of significant global integration, India's old economic institutions and frameworks underwent significant changes to meet the needs of the British economy. Findings: India's economy was systematically exploited during the British East India Company's (EIC) administration, turning it from a thriving, independent system to a colonial one that served British interests. Deindustrialization, rising poverty, and economic outflow were the defining features of the time. Conclusion: Over the course of the East India Company's existence, the pre-colonial Indian economy underwent a number of changes and disturbances. The Company's local policies, which were mainly intended to enforce a British economic agenda, had a major impact on the growth of the agricultural sector, trade, commerce, and taxation systems.

This paper explores the evolving concept of emotional intelligence (EI), defined as the ability to recognize, understand, and manage one’s own emotions and those of others. Initially conceptualized by Salovey and Mayer in the early 1990s, EI has gained significant traction across various fields, including education and workplace dynamics. The historical perspective on emotions as innate has been challenged by researchers like Feldman Barrett, who argue that emotions are learned and shaped by social and cultural contexts. This paper examines the two primary models of EI: the Mental Ability Model by Salovey and Mayer, which emphasizes cognitive skills, and the Mixed Model by Goleman, which incorporates emotional competencies linked to effective performance. The implications of EI on life satisfaction, interpersonal relationships, and academic success are discussed, highlighting the necessity for educational interventions aimed at enhancing emotional competencies in students. Furthermore, the relationship between creativity and emotional intelligence is analyzed, particularly through Edward De Bono's Six Thinking Hats technique, which fosters creative problem-solving and diverse perspectives. The paper concludes by advocating for the integration of emotional education within school curricula to promote holistic development in students, preparing them for the complexities of modern life.

Sparse matrices are matrices that contain many zero elements. The Wiedemann algorithm is an iterative method for solving linear systems represented by sparse matrices. It reduces the solution to the computation of the minimal polynomial, which itself relies on the recognition of a recurrent sequence with constant coefficients.

This paper examines the impact of integrating solar photovoltaic (PV) plants into Zambia's national grid, with a particular focus on dispatchability within the ZESCO grid. The energy crisis due to climate change has forced Zambia to diversify its energy mix, which is currently dominated by hydropower at 86%. Variability in dispatchability, due in part to the integration of solar PV, presents a challenge to energy systems. Using DIgSILENT Power Factory software, this study performs both steady-state and transient stability analyses to determine transmission adequacy, voltage-frequency stability, and reserve requirements under increased penetration levels of solar photovoltaic (PV) energy. In fact, the results show that integrating solar PV near load centers reduces transmission line loading from hydropower stations, line losses, and improves voltage profiles along the network. However, ZESCO currently faces a shortfall in operating reserve, requiring an additional 82 MW for system regulation. With proper planning, the integration of solar PV will provide economic benefits that outweigh the costs; hence, it makes Zambia's energy system more resilient and diversified.