In the central Rif, as well as in all regions of Morocco, the issue of women is of capital importance, because it constitutes an essential indicator of their real development. Rural women play an important role in various areas of life. They are the pillar of the family, without which society cannot exist. In addition, they contribute to building the family economy by working outside the home or as organizers of this economy. This study aims to highlight the reality of rural women in the central Rif of the province of Al Hoceima, through their social and economic empowerment, as well as through the extent of their contribution to economic activity and its impact on territorial development. It has been shown that the efforts made by local actors specialized in the development of rural women remain weak to improve the situation of rural women and their social and economic integration. While we conclude that income from the cannabis plant contributed, albeit relatively, to the improvement of the condition of women. Furthermore, income from cannabis cultivation is not reflected in the social and economic lives of women in relation to the major tasks they perform.