The ancient Siddha system of medicine has its origin right from the God of mankind. According to this medical system, herbs, minerals, and human life are interconnected, and they proved their inseparable unification time and again all through the ages. The Siddha system of medicine is based on two concepts of treatment i.eMukkuttram and Arusuvai. The disease Diphtheria in children and adults was reported as an aftermath of civil wars and social unrest. Incidences of outbreaks of adult diphtheria were reported in the 1990s when they caused widespread epidemics in the Russian Federation and former Soviet Republics. It causes fever, tonsillitis, Swollen lymph nodes, fatigue, weakness, chills, shortness of breath, hoarseness of voice, cough, and swelling difficulties. Arathaichooranam consists of five ingredients including Arathai (Alpiniaofficinarum) which is a chief ingredient of this formulation. In the Siddha system of medicine, there are a lot of cultural methods to the human civilization to prevent communicable diseases. The aim of the review article is to bring out the Siddha aspects of Arathaichooranam for the treatment of Diphtheria and also the general preventive measures for the communicable disease.