Due to urbanization, N'Djamena province is facing high demographic growth resulting into highest pressure on natural resources in general, and land resources in particular. For socioeconomic development, projects are multiplying, and land expropriations are becoming frequent. However, it must be noted that these expropriations are not always carried out according to established rules, which affects population that are not always involved in the process or poorly managed by the actors responsible for the management of expropriations. This study analyzes the effect of such practices on the quality of life of expropriated populations in the Province of N’Djamena. The qualitative methodology combines with documentary research, semi-structured interviews, and direct observation. The results show that land management institutions suffer from poor governance, and the impacts of expropriations are highly significant on the lives of the populations, causing enormous losses. This disruption in expropriation management institutions therefore exacerbates the impacts on the lives of the population and deserves particular attention from all stakeholders involved in the management of the expropriation process, in order to improve living conditions and strengthen the dynamics of participation for all in the sustainable development of the province.