In Silico Investigation on Lovastatin Derivatives against HMGCoA Reductase
Author: Emmanuel Borna Peasah*, Solomon Gyampoh, Esoh Rene Tanwieh , Shubham Kumar, Muluhtekwi Ignatius Nji, Samuel Asamoah, Ngongpan Scott Nchatkang, Chie Marie Sylviane Aba, Njoya Ngamie Yassir M.
Bachelor of Pharmacy final year students, Lovely Professional University, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, India (Punjab, 144411).
Published Date: 2024-06-09
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Keywords: Hyperlipidemia, HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors, Lovastatin, Mevalonate pathway HMG-CoA synthase, docking studies, ADME.
Abstract:
Background: Hyperlipidemia is a condition where the body has increased levels of lipids, or lipoproteins. Our bodies' main circulating lipid particle is cholesterol. The Mevalonate pathway is the biosynthetic route used for cholesterol, and it is found in the liver.1 This Mevalonate pathway results in cholesterol. The manufacture of cholesterol is aided by a number of enzymes. A variety of enzymes, including HMG-CoA synthase, HMG-CoA reductase, Farnesyl PP synthase, Lanosterol synthase, and Squalene synthase.2 The cholesterol-lowering drug lovastatin was first discovered in a strain of Aspergillus terreus with the chemical formula C24H36O5 and IUPAC Name: (1S,3R,7S,8S,8aR)-8-{2-[(2R,4R)-4-Hydroxy-6-oxotetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl]ethyl}-3,7-dimethyl-1,2,3,7,8,8a-hexahydro-1-naphthalenyl (2S)-2-methylbutanoate.3 In persons who have heart disease or who are at risk of developing heart disease(cardiovascular disease), lovastatin, a popular HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor, is used along with diet, weight loss, and exercise to lower the risk of heart attack and stroke and to lower the likelihood that heart surgery would be required.4 Due to adverse effects of lovastatin, such as a consistent rise in serum ALT and AST, GI distress, and dizziness, a new lovastatin derivative with limited adverse effects and high efficacy is required.5
Objective: The goal of the current research employed computational methods like docking and in silico ADMET analysis to identify novel lovastatin derivative compounds as HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors with a higher binding affinity as compared to the standard drug lovastatin.
Methods: Virtual screening was used to create molecules, which were then molecular docked with all developed compounds and subjected to ADMET analysis on compounds that were successful.
Results: Utilising virtual screening, compounds were created, and AutoDock Vina 1.5.6 was used for molecular docking in the lovastatin binding site (PDBID: 7CPX) (The active site of HMG-CoA reductase).6 Seven powerful hits from docking studies were subjected to SwissADME's ADME analysis. Seven substances with the best ADME profiles and greater bioavailability were predicted by ADME analysis.
Conclusion: Exploring the fields of computational and medical research will be made possible by this research work in great detail. Due to this, future experimental investigations with HMGCoA reducatse inhibitors will be made easier to develop.
