The research paper studies the problems of sustainability and the green transition in Greece and worldwide through the lens of the shipping industry's development. We have conducted a systematic analysis of the literature, economic and financial data, and the EU legislative framework to develop a model of the Greek shipping industry’s multipliers and to formulate policy recommendations for the government of Greece. We have shown that the global leading position of Greek shipping can be not only a powerful engine for the Greek economy's development and green transition but also a driver for the global Energy Transition and sustainability. We worked out the model of interconnected multipliers of the Greek shipping industry to the national economy. It permits a deeper understanding of the necessary policy measures within the EU legislative environment and the New Industrial and green transition strategy for Greece. The paper presents the rationale for the New Industrial Strategy for Greece, considering the Greek shipping industry's leading global position, and outlines a system of policy recommendations.