Introduction: Healthcare professionals frequently encounter challenging and emotionally demanding situations in their line of work. Nurses, in particular, are consistently exposed to a spectrum of distressing scenarios, encompassing patients' suffering, life-threatening illnesses, and death. This exposure may lead to the development of compassion fatigue or heightened levels of secondary stress, posing potential risks to the mental health of nurses. Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the levels of compassion satisfaction, compassion fatigue, and secondary stress among public hospital nurses in northern Jordan. Additionally, the research seeks to explore the associations between these factors and turnover intention in the nursing workforce. Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted, selecting five hospitals out of the 13 public hospitals in the northern region of Jordan. A total of 372 nurses participated in the study through random sampling. Results: The findings indicated that a substantial 84.9% of nurses experienced a low level of compassion satisfaction. Conversely, a high level of compassion fatigue was observed in 79.3%, while 90.6% reported elevated secondary stress levels. Furthermore, a significant correlation was identified between the scales of compassion satisfaction, compassion fatigue, secondary traumatic stress, and turnover intention among nurses. Conclusion: Enhancing nurses' compassion satisfaction emerges as a crucial factor in promoting retention and reducing turnover. Increasing awareness of compassion fatigue and traumatic stress can contribute to enhanced job satisfaction and the intention of nurses to stay in their positions. Policymakers and hospital administrators should implement effective health policies aimed at mitigating compassion fatigue and secondary traumatic stress to alleviate turnover intention among nurses.