Evaluation of Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Varieties against Angular Leaf Spot and Fusarium Wilt Diseases under Field Conditions in Ari Zone, South Ethiopia
Author: Wondimu Adila Adamo*, Yosef Berihun Tadesse and Kedir Bamud Fedilu
South Ethiopia Agricultural Research Institute, Jinka Agricultural Research Center department of Crop Protection, P.O.box.96. Jinka, Ethiopia.
Published Date: 2024-11-30
Keywords: ALS, Common bean, fusarium wilt, Resistance reaction, Severity, Yield.
Abstract:
Two frequent bean diseases that significantly reduce yield in Ethiopia, including study regions, are fusarium wilt and angular leaf spot. Nonetheless, a discernible discrepancy exists between the crop's actual and potential production. Therefore, during the main cropping season of 2022 and 2023, the study was carried out in Debub Ari district and Jinka main Research station to assess how newly released common bean varieties responded to fusarium wilt and angular leaf spot diseases. Using a randomized complete block design with three replications, field tests were carried out using 22 common bean cultivars. The current study depicted that mean percent severity of fusarium wilt ranges from 24.07 up to 91.66% and angular leaf spot ranges from 8.89 up to 78.9% between tested varieties. Rore Variety reduced mean severity by 60.6% fusarium wilt and 92.98% angular leaf spot epidemics in comparison with Local variety. The highest average yield were recorded from Rore (2.4t/ha) and SER-125(2.2t/ha) whereas the lowest yield from Local (1.17t/ha and Waju (0.855t/ha) varieties. In addition to producing significant yields in both sites and seasons, SER 125 and Rore demonstrated a consistent resistance reaction against fusarium wilt and angular leaf spot. Therefore, it is better to use Rore and Ser-125 with proper management practices in production to reduce Fusarium wilt and angular leaf spot epidemics in Ari Zone and allied agro-ecologies. Furthermore, evaluating those varieties along with other potential bean candidates, to multiple disease resistance reaction across districts should be considered in the future screening studies.
