The study aims to ascertain the prevalence and distribution of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) among Nigerian public service employees, the use of the National Health Insurance Scheme (NHIS) by those with NCDs, the factors that influence NHIS use, and the satisfaction of NCD patients with NHIS services. 350 civil officials from several ministries, departments, and parastatals in Abuja, Nigeria, were polled using a structured questionnaire to learn about their demographics, clinical information, NHIS service usage, and level of satisfaction. According to the study, 53.3% of individuals had NCDs, with hypertension being the most common (with 30.0%) of them. Only 16.0% of participants utilized NHIS services, with NHIS utilization being significantly higher among those aged ≤ 25 years and single individuals. Satisfaction with NHIS services was poor, with the lowest rating for the reliability of the health insurance scheme's service delivery in providing promised services (2.25 out of 5). The findings suggest a need for strategies to improve NHIS utilization and service delivery, especially among individuals with NCDs.