The transformation of the foreign policy toolkit since 1985 has exceeded the explanatory capacity of classical power typologies. States and non-state actors systematically employ platform governance, data regimes, algorithmic ranking, and targeted communication capabilities for foreign policy purposes. This study develops an integrated framework that matches digital power instruments with influence mechanisms in a conceptual matrix and reveals the strategic utilization logic of states in foreign policy. The research systematically elucidates instrument-mechanism-outcome relationships by integrating conceptual analysis, document-based qualitative content analysis, and process-tracing methods. The forty-year period analysis proves the transformation of infrastructural conditioning, network environment control, and cognitive framing capacities into a three-layered power architecture. Findings demonstrate that digital power has expanded from infrastructure dominance to standard-setting and positioned itself at the center of the foreign policy toolkit. At the theoretical level, the study transcends the limitations of classical power typologies by revealing the capacities of platform infrastructures to manage visibility economies and create structural dependency through access asymmetries. At the empirical level, periodical transformations have proven that digital power advances through ruptures rather than linear evolution. The study transforms theoretical contribution into practical value by offering actionable recommendations for policymakers regarding the strategic use of digital power instruments, resilience building against digital threats, and the design of regulatory policies.