Industry immersion performance reflects how students apply their knowledge, technical abilities, communication skills, professionalism and adaptability in real workplace environment. This study aimed to determine the industry immersion performance of Senior High School (SHS) learners as assessed by industry partners and their advisers in one of the large schools in the Division of Negros Occidental during school year 2025-2026. This study utilized descriptive-comparative research design with one hundred sixty-six (166) respondents. The industry immersion performance in terms of work habits, work skills and ssocial skills of Senior High School learners as assessed by industry partners when grouped according demographic profile was found very satisfactory level. Moreover, the level of industry immersion performance of the learners through portfolio assessment was at a satisfactory level. Furthermore, the significant difference between the level of the industry performance when grouped according to sex and age was found no significant difference. Whereas, a significant difference was found when respondents were grouped according to their track. Lastly, results revealed that there was no significant difference in portfolio grades when grouped according to age. However, a significant difference was found when respondents were grouped according to their sex and track. the study concludes that Senior High School learners possess the necessary competencies, attitudes, and skills needed for industry immersion. Nevertheless, differences across tracks and certain demographic variables indicate the need for continuous enhancement of immersion programs and portfolio preparation to ensure equitable learning opportunities and performance among all learners. It is recommended that greater emphasis be placed on improving portfolio assessment in Senior High School industry immersion. Learners may be guided to consistently produce complete, accurate, well-organized, and reflective portfolios that clearly document their immersion experiences.

The reality of secularism in Africa and its impact on the lives and values of Africans has continued to generate some debate among scholars. On the one hand, there is a school of thought that considers secularism in Africa as a Western export/import. On the other hand are scholars who are of the opinion that there had existed in Africa, prior to the colonial encounter, informal secular approaches to governance within kingdoms and chiefdoms despite the lack of codification. Using the critical literature review and philosophical methods of conceptual and logical analyses with Cameroon’s educational system as case study, we reassess the two versions of secularism in Africa and argue that there is some conflict between the two trends. While the African version was characterized by a strong simultaneous distinction between and confluence of the spiritual and the secular, thereby upholding African cultural and moral values, Western secularism amplifies their separation causing more problems than it purports to address. X-raying the educational system in Cameroon we argue that Western ministered secularism in Africa is like the Biblical Saul’s armour imposed on David, which did not fit well on him. We note that Cameroon’s educational system in the epoque when it normalized the interplay between the secular and the sacred enjoyed high standards and values. In fact it was founded on religious values. The separation of religion from the state, and the trivialization of religion in post independent Cameroon have contributed in impoverishing standards of education in Cameroon. We espouse the view that a religious democracy can maintain her identity by actively deploying religious values to positively influence her political and educational systems, yet providing space for pluralism and the exercise of individual freedoms.

This qualitative study explored how resilience and social support shape marital satisfaction among middle-aged adults in Bulawayo Metropolitan Province, Zimbabwe. The problem was that middle-aged couples in Bulawayo faced economic hardship, health challenges, and caregiving pressures threatening marital satisfaction, yet no qualitative study had examined these dynamics in this unique context. The purpose was to explore how resilience and social support shape marital satisfaction. Three research questions guided the study: How does resilience shape marital satisfaction? How does social support influence marital satisfaction? What strategies can strengthen resilience and social support to improve marital satisfaction? The study was framed by Cohen and Wills’ (1985) Buffering Model of Social Support and Masten’s (2014) Resilience Framework. A phenomenological design was employed with 18 married adults aged 40-60 years, married for at least ten years, selected through purposive sampling. Semi-structured interviews were conducted in English or isiNdebele, audio-recorded, transcribed, and analyzed using Braun and Clarke’s (2021) thematic analysis. Findings revealed three main themes. Resilience shaped marital satisfaction through enduring economic hardship together, recovering from conflict without sleeping on disagreements, drawing strength from religious faith and scripture, and applying personal strengths learned from parents. Social support operated through obligatory extended family assistance (ukama), church-based pastoral counselling and fellowship, trustworthy friendship networks, and traditional community mutual help (ilima). New findings revealed that resilience in Bulawayo is dyadic and co-constructed between spouses rather than individualistic, and traditional support systems remain functionally legitimate. Strategies for strengthening marital satisfaction included teaching communication skills, establishing ongoing church-based marriage programmes with peer mentoring, implementing economic strengthening initiatives such as savings groups and joint businesses, and normalizing help-seeking through leader self-disclosure. The study concluded that resilience and social support are indispensable, culturally grounded resources for marital satisfaction in Bulawayo’s middle adulthood. Recommendations were made to the Ministry of Health, church leaders, community organizations, and marriage counsellors.

This study tries to analyze how patriarchy, marginalization and gendered Power are represented in The Power (2016) by Naomi Alderman using a holistic feminist perspective. The article explores ways in which the novel challenges and disrupts the established patterns of male authority, not only by inverting the usual order of the body, but by reshaping social and political power relations. The study adopts close textual analysis of a qualitative interpretative approach inspired by cyborg feminism by Donna Haraway, posthuman feminism by Rosi Braidotti, marginality by Bell Hooks and Judith Butler’s theory of performativity. The analysis shows that The Power offers more than a feminist fantasy about women's empowerment; it is also an analysis of the instability and reproducibility of domination. It is a novel that uncovers how the violent, normalized social performances, institutional structures and networks of violence that are embedded in the patriarchy are not set into law but repeatable. It is a novel that illuminates that patriarchy relies not on a fixed biological basis, but on repeatable patterns of social performances, institutional frameworks and normalisation of violence. Concurrently, Alderman foregrounds marginalized voices and peripheral identities as key sites of resistance and transformation, and at the same time reveals the way new configurations of power can create new modes of force and exclusion. The study also claims that the female body-electrified holds the position of a posthuman that challenges the binary logic of gender, body and power. Finally, the article argues that The Power is a multifaceted feminist dystopian critique of power, violence, and institutional control; it focuses on the fluidity and relationality of power in different social settings.

This study evaluates how OpenCLIP classifies abstract and finished sketches across synthetic and human-drawn corpora. Although vision-language models are now widely used for image retrieval and recognition, less is known about their response to simplified, hand-drawn stimuli that depart from photographic training regularities. Two matched datasets were tested: a 240-image synthetic corpus and a 120-image human corpus, each using 12 object categories and two drawing conditions. Each image was compared with a fixed 12-label text ensemble using zero-shot cosine similarity. Outcomes included Top-1 accuracy, Top-1-to-Top-2 margin, and confusion structure. Human drawings produced higher accuracy (95.0%) than synthetic inputs (87.1%), but synthetic inputs produced higher mean margins (0.081 vs 0.056). Finished drawings improved performance in both sources. Category-specific failures, especially synthetic plant and shoe, demonstrate that controlled abstraction can expose semantic instability and boundary conditions in vision-language image interpretation. The method offers a compact protocol for imaging-science evaluation of sketch robustness.