This retrospective case series evaluated the clinical profile of 61 patients who underwent thromboelastography (TEG) between June 2022 and July 2023 at a tertiary care center. The most frequent indication was perioperative monitoring during liver transplantation, followed by cytoreductive surgery with HIPEC. TEG provided dynamic insights into coagulation states, guiding transfusion decisions and resolving complex bleeding diatheses in unique scenarios. Novel recurring graphical patterns such as the “shallot sign,” “beetroot shoot,” “trophy sign,” and “pebbles on the street” were identified. Findings highlight TEG’s effectiveness as a point‑of‑care diagnostic modality in diverse hemostatic challenges.

Introduction: Hypertension is a leading modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease and chronic kidney disease. Despite the availability of pharmacotherapy, therapeutic non-adherence remains a significant barrier to blood pressure (BP) control. Low-Sodium Salt Substitutes (LSSS) offer a promising non-pharmacological strategy to bridge this adherence gap.

Case Presentation: A 44-year-old female with a history of right nephrectomy and chronic non-adherence to antihypertensive therapy presented to the outpatient department with severe occipital headaches and a BP of 160/100 mmHg. Given her solitary kidney, a specialized intervention focusing on sodium reduction was initiated. The patient was started on a strict LSSS protocol alongside restarted pharmacotherapy.

Results: Over an eight-week follow-up period, the patient demonstrated high adherence to the LSSS regimen. Her BP stabilized from 160/100 mmHg to 110/70 mmHg. Significant secondary outcomes included a 9.3 kg weight reduction (67.3 kg to 58.0 kg) and the resolve of persistent headaches. Renal parameters remained optimal, with serum creatinine improving from 0.75 mg/dL to 0.50 mg/dL, and electrolytes remained stable (Potassium 4.0–4.3 mmol/L).

Conclusion: This case demonstrates that LSSS is a highly effective, safe, and low-cost modality for managing uncontrolled hypertension in high-risk patients, including those with a solitary kidney. The intervention not only facilitated rapid BP stabilization but also supported significant weight loss and renal preservation. These findings support the wider implementation of LSSS in primary care to meet global World Health Organization (WHO) sodium reduction targets.

Introduction: Vaccination is the most effective method of eradicating the Covid 19 infection. Hence, assessment of knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding Covid 19 vaccination in public is important. 

Methodology: Study was a descriptive, cross-sectional study which was conducted at medical clinics and wards at National Hospital Sri Lanka with an interviewer-administered questionnaire. 

Results: Number of participants were 390, 43.8% were in the 15-35 age group and 64% were males. 80.3% are from the western province and 74.4% are from urban areas. Hypertension was the commonest comorbidity (46.4%). History of Covid 19 infection was 38.7% and 82.1% of those had a mild disease and the rest had a moderate illness. Covid 19 infection in close contact was 96.9%. Percentages of patients who never had alcohol, cigarettes or illicit drugs were 48.5%, 75.1% and 86.4% respectively. The total vaccinated percentage was 85.6% while 36.4% had both vaccines. Only 51.8% selected vaccination as the most important preventive strategy to end the epidemic. Attitudes on vaccination were mixed. Male gender, presence of comorbidities and history of Covid 19 infection were significantly associated with better vaccination acceptance. Females, urban dwellers and people with no comorbidities tend to have more vaccination missed opportunities and thus hesitancy. Substance abuse and comorbidities are associated with severe Covid-19 disease outcome.

No association between education level and choosing vaccination as the best preventive method. 

Conclusion: The level of knowledge and attitudes on Covid 19 vaccination is average. People have to be encouraged more to vaccinate themselves.

The goal of the current study is to create and assess a polyherbal shampoo with natural components including soap nut, hibiscus, amla, aloe vera, and other chosen herbal additives. A stable shampoo formulation was created by combining the powdered or extracted herbs with a moderate surfactant base.  The physicochemical characteristics of the produced formulation such as pH, foam height, dirt dispersion, viscosity, solid content, wetting time, and stability, were assessed. The polyherbal shampoo demonstrated good foaming power, sufficient cleansing properties, stability during storage, and an acceptable pH suitable for scalp application, according to the results.  The natural conditioning, antibacterial, and hair-strengthening qualities were provided by the herbal components.Overall, the prepared polyherbal shampoo showed good visual appeal, safety, and effective washing, indicating its promise as a natural substitute for synthetic commercial shampoos.